OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Lancet Digital Health is 33. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-06-01 to 2026-06-01.)

Article	Citations
Retraction remedy: a resource for transparent science	635
In the era of digitalisation and biosignatures, is C-reactive protein still the one to beat?	475
Correction to Lancet Digit Health 2023; 5: e446–57	474
Correction to Lancet Digit Health 2024; 6: e791–802	443
Embedding patient-reported outcomes at the heart of artificial intelligence health-care technologies	406
Accelerating action for gender equality in health	397
Digital solutions in paediatric sepsis: current state, challenges, and opportunities to improve care around the world	354
Machine learning to predict type 1 diabetes in children	296
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) in clinical settings	255
Effective sample size for individual risk predictions: quantifying uncertainty in machine learning models	255
Balancing AI innovation with patient safety	254
Technology for world elimination of neglected tropical diseases	225
Targeting respiratory syncytial virus vaccination using individual prediction	223
Challenges for augmenting intelligence in cardiac imaging	219
A deep-learning-enabled diagnosis of ovarian cancer – Authors' reply	215
Combining the strengths of radiologists and AI for breast cancer screening: a retrospective analysis	204
Artificial intelligence-guided detection of under-recognised cardiomyopathies on point-of-care cardiac ultrasonography: a multicentre study	201
Ultrasound identification of hepatic echinococcosis using a deep convolutional neural network model in China: a retrospective, large-scale, multicentre, diagnostic accuracy study	197
ChatGPT: the future of discharge summaries?	158
Health insights from face photographs	153
Harnessing population-wide health data to predict cancer risk	150
Efficacy of standalone smartphone apps for mental health: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis	146
Fairly evaluating the performance of normative models	143
Synthetic data, synthetic trust: navigating data challenges in the digital revolution	138
Large language model integration in Philippine ophthalmology: early challenges and steps forward	133

Digital health funding for COVID-19 vaccine deployment across four major donor agencies	125
Effect of wearable activity trackers on physical activity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis	123
A future role for health applications of large language models depends on regulators enforcing safety standards	119
Decolonising health data	118
A multi-platform approach to identify a blood-based host protein signature for distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections in febrile children (PERFORM): a multi-cohort machine learning stud	117
Bridging the gap: aligning clinical decision support regulation with clinical practice in the era of artificial intelligence	116
Drone delivery of automated external defibrillators compared with ambulance arrival in real-life suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrests: a prospective observational study in Sweden	115
Accurate classification of pulmonary nodules by a combined model of clinical, imaging, and cell-free DNA methylation biomarkers: a model development and external validation study	107
Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram for mortality and cardiovascular risk estimation: a model development and validation study	101
Trust, not technology: governing access to health data as the decisive challenge for the UK	101
AI-CAD for tuberculosis and other global high-burden diseases	100
Thank you to The Lancet Digital Health's statistical and peer reviewers in 2022	100
Safe care from home for complicated pregnancies?	96
US COVID-19 clinical trial leadership gender disparities	94
Adolescent obesity in the digital age: navigating risks and opportunities	89
The MAIDA initiative: establishing a framework for global medical-imaging data sharing	87
Using artificial intelligence to switch from accident to sagacity in the serendipitous detection of uncommon diseases	86
A long STANDING commitment to improving health care	85
Can electronic medical records predict neonatal seizures?	85
Cost-effectiveness of artificial intelligence for screening colonoscopy: a modelling study	84
Interpreting the GRACE 3.0 ITE model: from predictive performance to clinical decision utility	83
Virtual reality-based cognitive remediation versus virtual reality control in people with mood or psychosis spectrum disorders in Denmark: a single-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial	80
Artificial intelligence-based models enabling accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer using laboratory tests in China: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study	74
Radiomics in neuro-oncological clinical trials	73
Computer-aided detection of tuberculosis from chest radiographs in a tuberculosis prevalence survey in South Africa: external validation and modelled impacts of commercially available artificial intel	73
A practical framework for operationalising responsible and equitable artificial intelligence in health care: tackling bias, inequity, and implementation challenges	72
Clinical validation of deep learning algorithms for radiotherapy targeting of non-small-cell lung cancer: an observational study	72
An evaluation of prospective COVID-19 modelling studies in the USA: from data to science translation	71
Tackling algorithmic bias and promoting transparency in health datasets: the STANDING Together consensus recommendations	71
Identifying subtypes of heart failure from three electronic health record sources with machine learning: an external, prognostic, and genetic validation study	71
A response to evaluating national data flows	70
Comprehensive genomic profiling and treatment patterns across ancestries in advanced prostate cancer: a large-scale retrospective analysis	70
RareArena: a comprehensive benchmark dataset unveiling the potential of large language models in rare disease diagnosis	70
Overlooked and under-reported: the impact of cyberattacks on primary care in the UK National Health Service	69
Effects of epileptiform activity on discharge outcome in critically ill patients in the USA: a retrospective cross-sectional study	69
AI-enabled forecasting of prehospital transfusion needs in patients with trauma: a multinational, registry-based, retrospective, machine learning development and validation study	68
Navigating the promise and pitfalls of dashboards in health policy decision making: experiences from Ghana, India, and South Africa	67
Automated retinal image analysis systems to triage for grading of diabetic retinopathy: a large-scale, open-label, national screening programme in England	66
Associations of physical frailty with health outcomes and brain structure in 483 033 middle-aged and older adults: a population-based study from the UK Biobank	65
Co-intelligence: a proposal for human–artificial intelligence collaboration for large language models in medical research	64
Effectiveness, reach, uptake, and feasibility of digital health interventions for adults with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials	64
Development and validation of open-source deep neural networks for comprehensive chest x-ray reading: a retrospective, multicentre study	63
Deep learning for [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET-CT classification in patients with lymphoma: a dual-centre retrospective analysis	62
Performance of universal and stratified computer-aided detection thresholds for chest x-ray-based tuberculosis screening: a cross-sectional, diagnostic accuracy study	62
A deep learning-based model to estimate pulmonary function from chest x-rays: multi-institutional model development and validation study in Japan	62
Efficacy of telemedicine for the management of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis	62
AI for medical diagnosis: does a single negative trial mean it is ineffective?	60
Correction to Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4: e497–506	59
Correction to Lancet Digit Health 2024; 6: e562–69	57
Is predicting metastatic phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma still effective without methoxytyramine? – Authors' reply	56

5 years of The Lancet Digital Health	56
Reappraising screening metrics and methodological considerations in artificial intelligence-augmented mammography	56
Artificial intelligence-based model to classify cardiac functions from chest radiographs: a multi-institutional, retrospective model development and validation study	55
Machine learning COVID-19 detection from wearables	55
Standardising the role of a digital navigator in behavioural health: a systematic review	55
Characterisation of digital therapeutic clinical trials: a systematic review with natural language processing	54
Personalised electronic health programme for recovery after major abdominal surgery: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial	54
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic use and resistance in French hospitals, 2019–22: a retrospective ecological analysis of national surveillance data	54
Associations between contralesional neuroplasticity and motor impairment through deep learning-derived MRI regional brain age in chronic stroke (ENIGMA): a multicohort, retrospective, observational st	53
Development and multimodal validation of a substance misuse algorithm for referral to treatment using artificial intelligence (SMART-AI): a retrospective deep learning study	52
Assessing genotype−phenotype correlations in colorectal cancer with deep learning: a multicentre cohort study	52
The promise of a model-based psychiatry: building computational models of mental ill health	51
Digital twins, synthetic patient data, and in-silico trials: can they empower paediatric clinical trials?	51
Value of artificial intelligence in neuro-oncology	51
Normative modelling of brain morphometry across the lifespan with CentileBrain: algorithm benchmarking and model optimisation	51
Attitudes and perceptions of medical researchers towards the use of artificial intelligence chatbots in the scientific process: an international cross-sectional survey	50
Correction to Lancet Digit Health 2024; published online Sept 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(24)00143-2	49
Predicting seizure recurrence from medical records using large language models	49
From text to treatment: the crucial role of validation for generative large language models in health care	49
Just in time: detecting cardiac arrest with smartwatch technology	49
Digital therapy for depression in multiple sclerosis	48
When to and when not to use machine learning in risk prediction models	48
Development and validation of a diagnostic aid for convulsive epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective case-control study	46
Correction to Lancet Digital Health 2025; 7: 100882	46
Revealing transparency gaps in publicly available COVID-19 datasets used for medical artificial intelligence development—a systematic review	46
Generating scholarly content with ChatGPT: ethical challenges for medical publishing	45
Data solidarity: a blueprint for governing health futures	45
Snapshot artificial intelligence—determination of ejection fraction from a single frame still image: a multi-institutional, retrospective model development and validation study	44
The Jevons Paradox in global health: efficiency, demand, and the AI dilemma	43
Digital transformation of ovarian cancer diagnosis and care	43
Wearable technology and the cardiovascular system: the future of patient assessment	43
Improving digital study designs: better metrics, systematic reporting, and an engineering mindset	42
Ethical and regulatory challenges of large language models in medicine	42
Challenges of AI-based pulmonary function estimation from chest x-rays	42
Digital health equity for older populations	42
Automated external defibrillator drones and their role in emergency response	41
Harnessing wearables and mobile phones to improve glycemic outcomes with automated insulin delivery	41
The importance of microbiology reference laboratories and adequate funding for infectious disease surveillance	40
AI for identification of systemic biomarkers from external eye photos: a promising field in the oculomics revolution	40
Simple meal announcements and pramlintide delivery versus carbohydrate counting in type 1 diabetes with automated fast-acting insulin aspart delivery: a randomised crossover trial in Montreal, Canada	40
Feasibility of wearable sensor signals and self-reported symptoms to prompt at-home testing for acute respiratory viruses in the USA (DETECT-AHEAD): a decentralised, randomised controlled trial	39
Utilising the Benefit Risk Assessment of Vaccines (BRAVE) toolkit to evaluate the benefits and risks of Vaxzevria in the EU: a population-based study	37
Label-efficient computational tumour infiltrating lymphocyte assessment in breast cancer (ECTIL): multicentre validation in 2340 patients with breast cancer	37
Interpreting the GRACE 3.0 ITE model: from predictive performance to clinical decision utility	37
Artificial intelligence in medicine and the pursuit of environmentally responsible science	37
Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first year of life: development and validation of a clinical prediction model	36
Menstrual irregularities and vaginal bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination reported to v-safe active surveillance, USA in December, 2020–January, 2022: an observational cohort study	36
AI models in health care are not colour blind and we should not be either	36
Can large language models help young researchers develop new clinical research ideas?	36
The potential for large language models to transform cardiovascular medicine	36
Importance of sample size on the quality and utility of AI-based prediction models for healthcare	36
Curbing the carbon footprint of health care	36
A scalable federated learning solution for secondary care using low-cost microcomputing: privacy-preserving development and evaluation of a COVID-19 screening test in UK hospitals	36
Deep learning with weak annotation from diagnosis reports for detection of multiple head disorders: a prospective, multicentre study	35
Artificial intelligence-driven cardiac amyloidosis screening	35
Twitter, public health, and misinformation	35
Reflecting on lived experience expertise in digital mental health research	35
Effect of epileptic activity on outcome for critically ill patients	34
The architectural gap in clinical artificial intelligence	34
Wearable health data privacy	33
An online singing-based breathing and wellbeing programme (ENO Breathe) in people with long COVID breathlessness in the UK: a cohort study	33
Feedback loops in intensive care unit prognostic models: an under-recognised threat to clinical validity	33
A prospectively deployed deep learning-enabled automated quality assurance tool for oncological palliative spine radiation therapy	33
Unleashing the strengths of unlabelled data in deep learning-assisted pan-cancer abdominal organ quantification: the FLARE22 challenge	33